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Cross-listed in Legal

Robert Carter III

aka: "Councillor"
borndied
1728, Feb 281804, Mar 10
a lawyer and planter from the Northern Neck of Virginia, in what became the United States. For two decades he sat on the Colonial Virginia Governor's Council. After the American Revolutionary War, and influenced by his Baptist faith, Carter began what became the largest manumission and release of enslaved African Americans in North America in the 74 years pr...
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Antonio Fernandez Carvajal

aka: António Fernandes Carvalhal
borndied
1590 ca1659, Nov 10
a Portuguese-Jewish merchant, who became the first endenizened English Jew. He dealt in all kinds of merchandise, including gunpowder, wine, hides, pictures, cochineal, and especially corn and silver, and is reported to have brought to England, on average, £100,000 worth of silver per annum. In the early days of his residence in England, Carvajal used to at...
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Herz Cerfbeer of Medelsheim

borndied
17301793, Dec 7
a French Jewish philanthropist. He was a contractor to the army, and employed his wealth and his influence with the French government in promoting the material and spiritual welfare of his coreligionists. The government permitted him to settle at Strasburg, in opposition to the wishes of the authorities of that city, who zealously enforced the law excluding ...
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Jonas Chickering

borndied
1798, Apr 51853, Dec 8
a piano manufacturer in Boston, Massachusetts. Jonas Chickering was born in Mason Village, and raised in nearby New Ipswich, New Hampshire where his father Abner Chickering kept a farm and worked as a blacksmith. Chickering apprenticed three years as a cabinet maker with John Gould. In 1818 Chickering removed to Boston with Gould's permission, working for ca...
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Cross-listed in Governance

Auguste Chouteau

aka: René-Auguste Chouteau, Jr.
borndied
1749, Sep 71829, Feb 24
the founder of St. Louis, Missouri, a successful fur trader and a politician. He and his partner had a monopoly for many years of fur trade with the large Osage tribe on the Missouri River. In addition, he had numerous business interests in St. Louis and was well-connected with the various rulers: French, Spanish and American.
Links (1)


Cross-listed in Writers

Robert Clavell

borndied
1633 ca1711, Aug
a bookseller of London. He was born in Steeple, Dorset, of a branch of an old Dorsetshire family. Clavell was the author of a curious little treatise entitled His Majesties Propriety and Dominion on the British Seas asserted: together with a true Account of the Neatherlanders' Insupportable Insolencies, and Injuries they have committed; and the Inestimabl...
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Cross-listed in Governance

George Clymer

bornactivedied
1739, Mar 161765-17961813, Jan 23
an American politician and Founding Father of the United States. He was one of the first Patriots to advocate complete independence from Britain. As a Pennsylvania representative, Clymer was, along with five others, a signatory of both the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution. He attended the Continental Congress, and served in political off...
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Links (19)Notes (1)


Cross-listed in Governance

Richard Cobden

bornactivedied
1804, Jun 31828-18621865, Apr 2
an English manufacturer and Radical and Liberal statesman, associated with two major free trade campaigns, the Anti-Corn Law League and the Cobden–Chevalier Treaty. As a young man, Cobden was a successful commercial traveller who became co-owner of a highly profitable calico printing factory in Manchester, a city with which he would become strongly identif...
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Timeline (1)Links (16)


Samuel Cole [1]

borndied
1597 ca1666/1667
an early settler of Boston in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, arriving with the Winthrop Fleet in 1630. He was an innkeeper and confectioner, and in 1634 established the first house of entertainment in the colony, called Cole's Inn. He and his wife Ann were among the earliest members of the Boston church, having joined in the autumn of 1630. He opened t...
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Edward Colston

borndied
1636, Nov 21721, Oct 11
an English merchant, philanthropist and Tory Member of Parliament who was involved in the Atlantic slave trade. Colston followed his father in the family business becoming a sea merchant, initially trading in wine, fruits and textiles, mainly in Spain, Portugal and other European ports. By 1680, he became involved in the slave trade as a member of the Royal ...
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Links (1)


Cross-listed in Inventors

Samuel Colt

bornactivedied
1814, Jul 191835-18621862, Jan 10
an American inventor and industrialist from Hartford, Connecticut. He founded Colt's Patent Fire-Arms Manufacturing Company (today, Colt's Manufacturing Company), and made the mass production of the revolver commercially viable. Colt's first two business ventures — producing firearms in Paterson, New Jersey, and making underwater mines — ended in disappo...
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Timeline (3)Links (18)Notes (1)


Thomas Cook

borndied
1808, Nov 221892, Jul 18
an English businessman. He is best known for founding the travel agency Thomas Cook & Son. Cook's idea to offer excursions came to him while "walking from Market Harborough to Leicester to attend a meeting of the Temperance Society". With the opening of the extended Midland Counties Railway, he arranged to take a group of temperance campaigners from Leiceste...
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Cross-listed in Pirates

Captain Edward Cooke

aka: Edmund, Edmond, Cook
bornactivedied
unknown1673-1683unknown
a merchant captain, buccaneer, and pirate. He is best known for sailing against the Spanish alongside Bartholomew Sharp, John Coxon, Basil Ringrose, Lionel Wafer, and other famous buccaneers. Cooke’s flag was red-and-yellow striped and featured a hand holding a sword.
Links (1)Notes (1)


Gillis Coppens

aka: Gillis Coppens van Diest
borndied
1496 ca1572
a well-known Antwerp printer. From 1533, Gillis Coppens van Diest was a member of the Antwerp Saint Luke Guild for artists and art craftsmen and worked in the Scheldt City as Boeckprintere . He is among the most important book printers of Antwerp at the time of Christoffel Plantin's entrance around 1552. Between about 1539 and 1573 he produces many books on ...
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Cross-listed in ClergyGovernanceEducators

Elijah Craig

borndied
1740 ca1808, May 8
a Baptist preacher in Virginia, who became an educator and capitalist entrepreneur in the area of Virginia that later became the state of Kentucky. He has sometimes, although rather dubiously, been credited with the invention of bourbon whiskey. Craig became politically active as the legislative liaison of the general convention and general association to Vi...
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Links (1)


John Crenshaw

borndied
1797, Nov 191871, Dec 4
an American landowner, salt maker, and slave trader, based out of Gallatin County, Illinois. He is also the great-great grandfather of killer and suspected serial killer Joe Ball, also known as "The Alligator Man". Although Illinois was a free state, Crenshaw leased the salt works in nearby Equality, Illinois from the government, which permitted the use of s...
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George Croghan

borndied
1718 ca1782, Aug 31
an Irish-born fur trader in the Ohio Country of North America who became the region's key figure earlier than his 1746 appointment to the Iroquois' Onondaga Council and remained so until his banishment from the frontier in 1777. Emigrating to Pennsylvania in 1741, he became an important trader by going to the villages of Native Americans, learning their lang...
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Edmund Curll

borndied
1675 ca1747, Dec 11
an English bookseller and publisher. His name has become synonymous, through the attacks on him by Alexander Pope, with unscrupulous publication and publicity. Curll rose from poverty to wealth through his publishing, and he did this by approaching book printing in a mercenary and unscrupulous manner. By cashing in on scandals, publishing pornography, offeri...
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