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1605, May 71652-16661681, Aug 17
the seventh Patriarch of Moscow and all the Rus' of the Russian Orthodox Church, serving officially from 1652 to 1666. He was renowned for his eloquence, energy, piety and close ties to Tsar Alexis of Russia. Nikon introduced many reforms which eventually led to a lasting schism known as Raskol in the Russian Orthodox Church. For many years he was a dominant political figure, often equaling or even overshadowing the Tsar. His liturgical reforms were unpopular among conservatives. In December 1666, Nikon was tried by a synod of church officials, deprived of all his sacerdotal functions, and reduced to the status of a simple monk.
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 Timeline (2)
07/25/1652-Nikon I becomes patriarch of Russian-orthodox church 
05/05/1665-Nicolaes Witsen visits patriarch Nikon I in Moscow 
 Mentions (2)
Avvakum
...Cathedral on Red Square who led the opposition to Patriarch Nikon I's reforms of the Russian Orthodox Church....
Paisios Ligarides
...to participate in a Synod which condemned Patriarch Nikon I of Moscow for violating his duties. He secured significant...
 Contemporaries
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Patriarch Nikon I1605, May 71652
 
16661681, Aug 17

Pierre Gassendi1592, Jan 221617
 
16531655, Oct 24
 a French philosopher, priest, scientist, astronomer, and mathematician. While he held a church po...
Cardinal Jules Raymond Mazarin1602, Jul 141628
 
16531661, Mar 9
 an Italian cardinal, diplomat, and politician, who served as the Chief Minister to the King of Fr...
Theodore Tronchin1582, Apr 171608
 
16551657, Nov 19
 a Swiss Calvinist theologian, controversialist and Hebraist. He studied theology at Geneva, Basel...
Pope Innocent X1574, May 61626
 
16551655, Jan 7
  Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 15 September 1644 to his death in 1655. Born in Rome of ...
Paisius Iunknown1640
 
1655unknown
 a two-time Ecumenical Patriarch for the Church of Constantinople (August 1, 1652-April 1653, Marc...
Joannicius IIunknown1624
 
16561659/1660
 Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople four times from 1646 to 1656 (1646-1648; 1651-1652; 1653-1...
Pope Mark VIunknown1646
 
16561656, Apr 20
 the 101st Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark for the Coptic Orthodox Church. P...
David Pardo [1]1591 ca1610
 
16571657, Mar 15
 a Dutch rabbi and hakham. He was born at Salonica to Rabbi Joseph and Reina in the second half of...
Menasseh Ben Israel16041632
 
16571657, Nov 20
 a Portuguese rabbi, kabbalist, writer, diplomat, printer and publisher, founder of the first Hebr...
Ioannikiosunknown1645
 
16571657, Sep 15
 Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria (1645-1657) for the Greek Orthodox Church. During his tenure as ...
Oliver Cromwell1599, Apr 251628
 
16581658, Sep 3
 an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England,...
Gabriel IIunknown1648
 
16591659, Dec 3
  the Ecumenical Patriarch of for the Church of Constantinople for one week in 1657. In 1659 he wa...
Cyril IIIunknown1650
 
1659unknown
  the Ecumenical Patriarch of the Church of Constantinople for two short terms in 1652 and 1654. T...
Richard Cromwell1626, Oct 41658
 
 
16591712, Jul 12
 Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, and one of only two commoners to become the Engl...
Theophanes IIunknown1659
 
 
1659unknown
 Ecumenical Patriarch (1659)*Church of Constantinople
Saul Levi Morteira1596 ca1616
 
16601660, Feb 10
 a Dutch rabbi of Portuguese descent. Morteira was the founder of the congregational school Keter ...
Lobsang Chökyi Gyalsten15701570
 
16621662
 the fourth Panchen Lama of the Gelug (Yellow Hat sect) school of Tibetan Buddhism from 1570-1662 ...
Robert Abbot [1]1588 ca1610
 
16621662 ca
 an English theologian who promoted puritan doctrines. He is sometimes mistakenly described as the...
William Aspinwallunknown1648
 
1662unknown
  a nonconformist English minister. He proceeded B.A. in 1657, but having obtained orders, went no...
William Ames [2]unknown1655
 
 
16621662
 an early English itinerant Quaker preacher and writer. He joined the Quakers in 1655 at Dublin, h...
William Juxon15821633
 
16631663, Jun 4
 an English churchman, Bishop of London from 1633 to 1649 and Archbishop of Canterbury from 1660 u...
Dionysius IIIunknown1662
 
 
1665unknown
 Ecumenical Patriarch (1662-1665)*Church of Constantinople
William Day1605 ca1624
 
16661684
 an English cleric and biblical commentator. He received his education at Eton College. He was ele...
Pope Alexander VII1599, Feb 131655
 
16671667, May 22
 Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 7 April 1655 to his death in 1667. Alexander VII disliked...
John Wilkins1614, Feb 141637
 
16681672, Nov 19
 an Anglican clergyman, natural philosopher and author, and was one of the founders of the Royal S...
John Knowles [1]unknown1646
 
1668unknown
 an English antitrinitarian preacher, imprisoned in 1665. A short paper of arguments for the deity...
John Trapp1601, Jun 51622
 
16691669, Oct 16
 an English Anglican Bible commentator. His large five-volume commentary is still read today and i...
Edward Boys [2]15991630
 
16691667
 an English divine. Educated at Eton, he was elected a scholar of Corpus Christi College, Cambridg...
Clementunknown1660
 
1669unknown
 Ecumenical Patriarch (1667)*Church of Constantinople
Giovanni Battista Riccioli1598, Apr 171628
 
16711671, Jun 25
 an Italian astronomer and a Catholic priest in the Jesuit order. He is known, among other things,...
Ascanio II Piccolomini15901629
 
16711671
 the archbishop of Siena from 1629 to 1671. Ascanio was a mathematics pupil of Bonaventura Cavalie...
William Broughunknown1630
 
16711671
 an English royalist churchman, Dean of Gloucester from 1643. Brough was a supporter of William La...
Ingen Ryuki1592, Dec 71620
 
16731673, May 19
 a Chinese Linji Chán Buddhist monk, poet, and calligrapher. He is most known for founding the Ob...
Giacomo Carissimi1605, Apr1623
 
16741674, Jan 12
 an Italian composer. He is one of the most celebrated masters of the early Baroque or, more accur...
Robert Herrick1591, Aug1623
 
16741674, Oct
 a 17th-century English lyric poet and cleric. He is best known for Hesperides, a book of poems. T...
Matthew IVunknown1660
 
16751675, Aug 15
 the 102nd Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark for the Coptic Orthodox Church. H...
Paisios Ligaridesunknown1657
 
1677unknown
 Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria for the Greek Orthodox Church (1657-1677). He went to Moscow fol...
Gilbert Sheldon1598, Jun 191663
 
16771677, Nov 9
 the English Archbishop of Canterbury for the Church of England from 1663 until his death in 1677....
Methodius IIIunknown1646
 
16791679
 the Ecumenical Patriarch for the Church of Constantinople in 1668–1671. Descended from Crete, ...
Thomas Watson [2]1620 ca1646
 
16791686
 an English, Nonconformist, Puritan preacher and author. He showed strong Presbyterian views durin...
Celio Piccolomini16091658
 
16811681, May 24
 a man of the Italian Church, created cardinal by Pope Alexander VII at the Consistory of 14 Janua...
Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso16171642
 
16821682
 the Fifth Dalai Lama of the Gelug (Yellow Hat Buddhism) of Tibet. Gyatso is credited with unifyin...
Parthenius IVunknown1655
 
1685unknown
 a 5-time Ecumenical Patriarch for the Church of Constantinople (1657–1659, 1665–1667, 1671, 1...
Charles II of England1630, May 291660
 
16851685, Feb 6
 the monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and Supreme Governor of the ...
Mehmed IV1642, Jan 21648
 
16871693, Jan 6
 the Sultan and Caliph of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687. Taking the throne at age six, his ...
John Bunyan1628, Nov1644
 
16881688, Aug 31
 an English writer and Baptist preacher best remembered as the author of the Christian allegory
Pope Innocent XI1611, May 161650
 
16891689, Aug 12
 Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 21 September 1676 to his death in 1689. He is known as th...
William Sancroft1617, Jan 301663
 
16901693, Nov 24
 the 79th Archbishop of Canterbury (1678-1690) of the Church of England, and was one of the Seven ...
Michael Wigglesworth16311651
 
16911705
 a Puritan minister, doctor and poet whose poem The Day of Doom was a bestseller in early N...
Isaac Aboab da Fonseca1605, Feb 11623
 
16931693, Apr 4
 a rabbi, scholar, kabbalist and writer. In 1656, he was one of several elders within the Portugue...
John Tillotson1630, Oct1661
 
16941694, Nov 22
 the Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury from 1691 to 1694 for the Church of England. He devoted him...
Charles Albanel16161649
 
16961696, Jun 11
 a French missionary explorer in Canada, and a Jesuit priest. In 1649, he arrived in Canada at Tad...
Dionysius IV Muselimesunknown1662
 
16961696, Sep 23
  Ecumenical Patriarch of the Church of Constantinople for five times, in 1671–73, 1676–79, 16...
Pope Innocent XII1615, Mar 131652
 
17001700, Sep 27
 Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 12 July 1691 to his death in 1700. He took a hard stance ...
Eliyya X Yohannan Maroginunknown1660
 
1700unknown
 Patriarch (1660-1700)* Assyrian Church of the East
Jacques-Benigne Bossuet1627, Sep 271643
 
17011704, Apr 12
 a French bishop and theologian, renowned for his sermons and other addresses. He has been conside...
Philipp Spener1635, Jan 131653
 
17021705, Feb 5
 a German Christian theologian known as the "Father of Pietism." Highly influenced by Johann Arndt...
Pierre Daniel Huet1630, Feb 81651
 
17211721, Jan 26
 a French churchman and scholar, editor of the Delphin Classics, founder of the Academie du Physiq...
Zanabazar16351639
 
17231723
 the sixteenth Jebtsundamba Khutuktu and the first Bogd Gegeen or supreme spiritual authority, of ...
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