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Before the advent of photography, if you wanted a picture of something or someone, you had to draw it yourself -- or hire someone to do it for you. Artists (at least the good ones) could make a good living painting portraits, cityscapes, scenes of commoners, or still lifes; and also preserving for us the particulars of their lives, the styles of their clothes and houses and the details of their world. Here are some whose works have lived beyond their lifetimes.
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Cross-listed in Writers

Nadar

aka: Gaspard-Félix, Felix, Tournachon
borndied
1820, Apr 61910, Mar 20
a French photographer, caricaturist, journalist, novelist, and balloonist (or, more accurately, proponent of manned flight). Photographic portraits by Nadar are held by many of the great national collections of photographs. From work as a caricaturist, he moved on to photography, particularly portraits. He opened his photography studio in rue Saint Lazare in...
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Hugo Wilhelm Arthur Nahl

borndied
1833, Sep 11889, Apr 1
a German-born artist, daguerreotyper, engraver, portraitist, and landscape painter, known for his American Old West paintings of California. He was considered one of California's finest engravers, and was ranked amongst the best gymnasts in California for his time.
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Matthijs Naiveu

aka: Matthys
bornactivedied
1647, Apr 161668-17211726, Jun 4
a Dutch Golden Age painter. In 1671 he entered the Leiden Guild of St. Luke and he was highly productive as a painter of signed work; his earliest dated painting is from 1668, and his last from 1721. His paintings from his earlier years such as the children blowing soap bubbles (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston) are strongly influenced by Gerard Dou, with archite...
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Herman Naiwincx

borndied
16231670
a Dutch Golden Age landscape painter and printmaker. According to the RKD he worked in Amsterdam from 1648-1650 and in Schoonhoven in 1651. He is known for prints, Italianate landscapes and architectural studies. He is known for working with Willem Schellinks. It is unknown whether he moved to Hamburg, or died there on one of his business trips.
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Angelo Nardi

borndied
1584, Feb 191664 ca
an Italian painter of the early-Baroque period, active in Spain. In 1625 Nardi had acquired sufficient fame to obtain the post of painter to the King, he held without salary until 1631, when the allowance of 6000 maravedis was assigned him. He was one of the most active supporters of Vincente Carducho, in his contest with the tax-collectors. He painted in a ...
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Giovanni Narducci

borndied
15261616
Painter


Frederick Nash

borndied
17821856
an English painter and draughtsman, born in Lambeth. He initially studied architectural drawing under Thomas Malton, then later enrolled at the Royal Academy of Arts. Between 1801 and 1809 Nash worked with the antiquarians John Britton and Edward Wedlake Brayley. In 1810, he became a member of Society of Painters in Watercolours, an organization whose member...
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Alexander Nasmyth

borndied
1758, Sep 91840, Apr 10
a Scottish portrait and landscape painter, a pupil of Allan Ramsay[2]. His landscapes are all of actual places, and architecture is usually an important element. Some works were painted to illustrate the effects that new buildings would have on an area, such a...
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Patrick Nasmyth

borndied
1787, Jan 71831, Aug 17
a Scottish landscape painter. He was the eldest son of the famous artist Alexander Nasmyth, whilst his younger brother, James Nasmyth, was a prominent engine...
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Cross-listed in WritersInventorsScientistsCartographersEducators

Matrakci Nasuh

aka: Matrakçi
borndied
14801564 ca
a 16th-century Bosniak statesman of the Ottoman Empire, polymath, mathematician, teacher, historian, geographer, cartographer, swordmaster, navigator, inventor, painter, farmer, and miniaturist. He was brought to Istanbul after being recruited by the Ottoman scouts in Rumelia, educated, served several Ottoman sultans, and became a teacher at Enderun School.
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Charles Joseph Natoire

borndied
1700, Mar 31777, Aug 23
a French painter in the Rococo manner, a pupil of François Lemoyne and director of the French Academy in Rome, 1751-1775. Considered during his lifetime the equal of François Boucher, he played a prominent role in the artistic life of France.
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Jean-Marc Nattier

borndied
1685, Mar 171766, Nov 7
a French painter, was born in Paris, the second son of Marc Nattier (1642–1705), a portrait painter, and of Marie Courtois (1655–1703), a miniaturist. He is noted for his portraits of the ladies of King Louis XV's court in classical mythological attire. Nattier's graceful and charming portraits of court ladies in this mode were very fashionable, partly b...
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Juan Fernandez Navarrete

aka: Juan Fernández, El Mudo (The Mute)
bornactivedied
15261550-15791579, Mar 28
a Spanish Mannerist painter, born at Logroño. An illness in infancy deprived Navarrete of his hearing, which affected his ability to learn to speak. At a very early age he began to express his wants by sketching objects with a piece of charcoal. He executed many altar-pieces, all characterized by boldness and freedom in design, and by the rich warm colourin...
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François-Joseph Navez

borndied
1787, Nov 161869, Oct 12
a Belgian neo-classical painter. François-Joseph Navez was a pupil of Jacques-Louis David, he spent five years in Italy between 1817 and 1822. Between 1835 and 1862 he was the director of the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Brussels. He was a very successful portrait painter. He also painted many mythological and historic subjects. The orientalist painte...
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John Neagle

borndied
1796, Nov 41865, Sep 17
a fashionable American painter, primarily of portraits, during the first half of the 19th century in Philadelphia. Neagle's sitters included society figures, politicians, professionals and merchants, all of whom he treated with an incisive attention to psychology and an often dazzling brushwork derived (by way of Sully and Sir Thomas Lawrence) ultimately fro...
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Pieter Neefs the Elder

borndied
1578 ca1656+
a Flemish Baroque painter who specialized in architectural interiors of churches. Active in Antwerp, he was influenced by the works of Hendrik van Steenwijk I and Hendrik van Steenwijk II. His own contribution to the genre was nocturnal church interior lit by two light sources. His sons Ludovicus and Pieter Neeffs II painted similar works, and attributions o...
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Pieter Neefs the Younger

borndied
1620, May1675+
a Flemish painter who specialized in architectural interiors of churches. Born and active in Antwerp, he was trained by his father, Pieter Neeffs I. Their works, in fact, are very similar and attributions of their individual hands can be difficult. His brother Ludovicus Neefs has also made similar paintings.
Links (1)


Caspar Netscher

aka: Gaspar
borndied
16391684, Jan 15
a Dutch portrait and genre painter. He was a master in depicting oriental rugs, silk and brocade and introduced an international style to the Northern Netherlands.
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Nicolas de Neufchatel

aka: Neufchâtel
borndied
15141567
Born in Utrecht; Died in Locarno


Edmund John Niemann

borndied
18131876
a prolific and highly successful British landscape artist working mostly in oils. Nine of his paintings are held in the Wolverhampton Art Gallery. Though he especially enjoyed painting the scenery of the Thames and of the River Swale, near Richmond in Yorkshire, many other areas of the British Isles are covered in the corpus of his work.
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Cross-listed in Writers

Willem van Nieulandt II

borndied
15831635
a Dutch Golden Age painter, engraver, poet and playwright from Antwerp. He specialized in painting artistic ruins of monuments, arches, and temples, many of which he then engraved himself. He returned to Amsterdam (via Antwerp) in 1607, and became a respected poet there as well as Italianate painter. Nieulandt was better known as a poet and playwright than ...
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Reinier Nooms

borndied
1623 ca1664
a maritime painter known for his highly detailed paintings and etchings of ships. Nooms was probably born and died in Amsterdam. He started painting and drawing in his later years, following a rough, drunken life as a sailor. It is not known how he acquired his skill as an artist. His knowledge of ships is evident from his work: ships and foreign locations a...
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Jan Noordt

borndied
16241676?
a Dutch Golden Age painter, known for italianate landscapes, portraits, and historical allegories. According to the RKD he signed his works with "Noordt". Noordt was a pupil of Jacob Adriaensz Backer at the same time as the painter Abraham van den Tempel. He lived on the Bloemgracht in Amsterdam in 1674. He was the teacher of the painter Johannes Voorhout an...
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Cross-listed in SculptorsWriters

Cyprian Norwid

borndied
18211883
a nationally esteemed Polish poet, dramatist, painter, and sculptor. One of his maternal ancestors was the Polish King John III Sobieski. Norwid is regarded as one of the second generation of romantics. He wrote many well-known poems. Esoteric opinion is divided however, as to whether he was a true Romanticist artist – or if he was artistically ahead of h...
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Pietro Novelli

borndied
16031647
an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in Palermo. Probably the most distinguished Sicilian painter of the 17th century. Also known as il Monrealese or Pietro "Malta" Novelli to distinguish him from his father, Pietro Antonio Novelli. He was also nicknamed by contemporaries as the Raphael of Sicily. He was injured during the revolution in Pa...
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Wijnand Nuijen

borndied
1813, Mar 41839, Jun 2
a Dutch painter and printmaker who specialised in landscapes, and was greatly influenced by the French Romantics. Nuijen was unusual among Dutch painters of the period, his theatricality and liberal style contrasting with the near photographic depiction that was then the norm.
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Pedro Nunez de Villavicencio

aka: Nuñez de Villavicencio
borndied
16401695
a Spanish painter of the Baroque period. He was born and died in Seville. Trained by Murillo. Was named a knight of the order of San Juan. With the order he performed duties in Malta, where he met Mattia Preti. Returning to Spain, along with Murillo, he helped establish the Academia de Seville. When Murillo died, he traveled to Madrid.
Links (1)

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