a German writer and literary historian. In 1849 he published a three volume novel The Republicans which appeared in Naples, 1849–50, followed by a work about the Revolution of 1848 in Prussia (The Prussian Revolution, 2 vols), plus several travel books, art-historical works (Torso. art, the artists and artworks Old, 2 vols 1854/55), translations of Aristotle, and biographical works on the literary historian Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (GE Lessing. His life and his works, 1859, 2 vols) and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (Goethe's female characters, 1865–68, 2 vols).
