a 19th-century architect and painter. He was descended from a Germano-Baltic noble family and was a subject of the Russian Empire. He studied at Darmstadt and moved to Saint Petersburg in 1831. He worked in Alexander Brullov's studio and was made a free painter in the Imperial Academy of Arts in 1832, an academician there in 1839 and a professor there in 1854. He designed public buildings and became court architect in 1858.
