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Iakovos II

bornactivedied
unknown1707-1718unknown
Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cypru (1707-1718)* Orthodox Church of Cyprus


Iakovos II

bornactivedied
unknown1713-1734unknown
Metropolitan of Athens (1713-1734)* Orthodox Church of Greece


Cross-listed in Governance

Ibrahim I

bornactivedied
1615, Nov 51640-16481648, Aug 18
the Sultan and Caliph (Sunni Islam) of the Ottoman Empire/Caliphate from 1640 until 1648. Ibrahim was often distracted by recurring headaches and attacks of physical weakness, perhaps caused by the trauma of his early years. Since he was the only surviving male member of the Ottoman dynasty, Ibrahim was encouraged by his mother Kösem Sultan to distract hims...
more
Links (1)


Ieremias

bornactivedied
unknown1763-1763unknown
Archbishop of Ohrid (1763-1763)* Orthodox Church of Macedonia


Ierofei

bornactivedied
unknown1796-1799unknown
Metropolitan of Kiev (1796-1799)* Ukrainian Orthodox Church


Ierotheos I

bornactivedied
unknown1820s-1840sunknown
Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria for the Greek orthodox Church (1825-1845). He renovated the Holy Monastery of St Savvas in Alexandria , the Holy Church of St Nicholas in Cairo and established a guest house to host the poor. In 1842 he established the Hellenic-Arabic School of Cairo. He ransomed and freed many Christian captives from the Arabs.
Notes (1)


Ierotheos I

bornactivedied
unknown1850-1885unknown
Patriarch (1850–1885)* Patriarchate of Antioch


Ierotheos II

bornactivedied
unknown1840s-1850sunknown
Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria (1847–1858) for the Greek Orthodox Church. In 1847 he established and inaugurated in 1856 the beautiful Church of the Annunciation of the Theotokos in Alexandria . He also founded the Hellenic Girls’ School in the city. He took care of the spiritual development of the clergy. He participated in various Synods for the solu...
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Notes (1)


Ignatios III

bornactivedied
unknown1703-1706unknown
Archbishop of Ohrid (1703-1706)* Orthodox Church of Macedonia


Ignatios II

bornactivedied
unknown1810-1812unknown
Metropolitan of Hungaro-Walachia (1810–1812)* Romanian Orthodox Church


Cross-listed in MilitaryWriters

Ignatius of Loyola

bornactivedied
1491, Oct 231508-15551556, Jul 31
a Spanish priest and theologian, who founded the religious order called the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) and became its first Superior General. The Jesuit order served the Pope as missionaries, and they were bound by a vow of absolute obedience to the Pope. They therefore emerged as an important political force during the time of the Counter-Reformation.
Timeline (6)Links (18)


Ignatius Jacob II

bornactivedied
unknown1847-1871unknown
Patriarch of Antioch and All the East (1847–1871)* Syrian Orthodox Church


Cross-listed in Writers

Ignatius Jacob [1]

bornactivedied
unknown1512-15171517
the Patriarch of Antioch, and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1512 until his death in 1517. Whilst residing at the Monastery of Mor Hanayo, the monastery was attacked and looted by Kurds in 1516, forcing Jacob to sell church property to help rebuild the monastery. Jacob is known to have been an efficient writer and poet, whose works include a histor...
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Links (1)


Ilarion

bornactivedied
unknown1821-1827unknown
Metropolitan of Turnovo (1821–1827)* Bulgarian Orthodox Church


Ilarion

bornactivedied
unknown1830-1838unknown
Metropolitan of Turnovo (1830–1838)* Bulgarian Orthodox Church


Ilarion of Arges

borndied
unknownunknown
Metropolitan of Hungaro-Walachia (0–0)* Romanian Orthodox Church


Ilarion of Krutitsy

bornactivedied
unknown1754-1757unknown
Metropolitan of Moscow (1754-1757)* Russian Orthodox Church


Cross-listed in Writers

Gonzalo de Illescas

borndied
1518 ca1583 ca
a Spanish historian and abbot. Born in Dueñas, Palencia province, he was abbot of San Frontís de Zamora. He translated works from Latin and composed and published in various editions a Historia pontifical y cathólica (Pontifical and Catholic History).
Links (1)


Imakita Kosen

borndied
1816, Aug 31892, Jan 16
a Japanese Rinzai Zen roshi and Neo-Confucianist. Kosen did his Zen training under Daisetsu Shoen (1797–1855) at Sokoku-ji and received inka from Gisan Zenkai at Sogen-ji in Okayama. Kosen was instrumental in bringing Zen to lay practitioners and to the west.
Timeline (1)Links (1)


Cross-listed in Writers

Carlo Giuseppe Imbonati

aka: Imbonatus
bornactivedied
unknown1690sunknown
a Cistercian scholar who was active during the last half of the 17th century. He spent much of his career in Rome and rose to the title of abbot. He was a theologian and a Hebrew scholar who wrote prolifically in his fields.
Links (1)


Cross-listed in ArtistsWriters

Ingen Ryuki

aka: Yinyuan Longqi, Yin Yuan Long Qi
bornactivedied
1592, Dec 71620-16731673, May 19
a Chinese Linji Chán Buddhist monk, poet, and calligrapher. He is most known for founding the Obaku school of Zen Buddhism in Japan. Ingen's father disappeared when he was five. At age 20, while searching for him, Ingen arrived at Mount Putuo off Zhejiang province, where he served tea to monks. At 28, after the death of his mother, he was ordained as a monk...
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Timeline (1)Links (4)


Innocent

bornactivedied
unknown1840-1858unknown
Bishop (1840–1858)* Orthodox Church in America


Pope Innocent IX

aka: Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti
bornactivedied
1519, Jul 201544-15911591, Dec 30
Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 29 October to 30 December 1591. Prior to his short papacy, he had been a canon lawyer, diplomat, and chief administrator during the reign of Pope Gregory XIV (1590–1591). Mindful of the origin of his success, Innocent IX supported, during his two months' pontificate, the cause of Philip II and the Catholic League ag...
more
Timeline (1)Links (1)Notes (1)


Pope Innocent VIII

aka: Giovanni Battista Cybo, Cibo
bornactivedied
14321484-14921492, Jul 25
Pope from 29 August 1484 to his death in 1492. Born into a prominent Genoese family he entered the church and was made bishop in 1467 before being elevated to the rank of cardinal by Pope Sixtus IV. He was elected Pope in 1484 as compromise candidate after a stormy conclave. In July 1492 Innocent fell into a fever. He was said to have been given the world's...
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Links (1)Notes (1)


Pope Innocent X

aka: Giovanni Battista Pamphilj
bornactivedied
1574, May 61626-16551655, Jan 7
Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 15 September 1644 to his death in 1655. Born in Rome of a family from Gubbio in Umbria who had come to Rome during the pontificate of Pope Innocent IX, he graduated from the Collegio Romano and followed a conventional cursu...
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Timeline (3)Links (1)Notes (1)


Pope Innocent XI

aka: Benedetto Odescalchi
bornactivedied
1611, May 161650-16891689, Aug 12
Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 21 September 1676 to his death in 1689. He is known as the "Saviour of Hungary". Much of his reign was concerned with tension with Louis XIV of France. A conservative, he lowered taxes in the Papal States during his pontifica...
more
Timeline (3)Links (1)Notes (1)


Pope Innocent XII

aka: Antonio Pignatelli
bornactivedied
1615, Mar 131652-17001700, Sep 27
Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 12 July 1691 to his death in 1700. He took a hard stance against nepotism in the church, continuing the policies of Pope Innocent XI, who started the battle against nepotism. To that end, he issued a papal bull strictly forbidding it. Immediately after his election on 12 July 1691, Innocent XII declared his opposition ...
more
Timeline (2)Links (1)Notes (1)


Pope Innocent XIII

aka: Michelangelo dei Conti
bornactivedied
1655, May 131695-17241724, Mar 7
Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 8 May 1721 to his death in 1724. He is the last pope to date to take the pontifical name of "Innocent" upon his election. Pope Innocent XIII was reform-oriented, and he imposed new standards of frugality, abolishing excessive spending. He took steps to finally end the practice of nepotism by issuing a decree which for...
more
Timeline (1)Links (1)Notes (1)


Ioakim

bornactivedied
unknown1821-1824unknown
Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cypru (1821–1824)* Orthodox Church of Cyprus


Ioakim

bornactivedied
unknown1844-1868unknown
Metropolitan of Skopje (1844–1868)* Orthodox Church of Macedonia / under Patriarchate of Constantinople


Ioan VII

bornactivedied
unknown1696-17001700
Catholicos-Patriarch of Iberia (1696-1700) for the Orthodox Church of Georgia.
Notes (1)


Ioannikios

bornactivedied
unknown1645-16571657, Sep 15
Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria (1645-1657) for the Greek Orthodox Church. During his tenure as Patriarch the tensions regarding the Sinai Dependency of Cairo continued and required the intervention of Sultan Mohammed IV (1648-1687) in support of the Sinai monks. Patriarch Ioannikios died on 15th September 1657 from the plague.
Notes (1)


Ioannikios

bornactivedied
unknown1783-1784unknown
Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cypru (1783-1784)* Orthodox Church of Cyprus


Ioannikios

bornactivedied
unknown1817-1821unknown
Metropolitan of Turnovo (1817–1821)* Bulgarian Orthodox Church


Ioannikios

bornactivedied
unknown1840-1849unknown
Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cypru (1840–1849)* Orthodox Church of Cyprus


Ioannikios

bornactivedied
unknown1845-1858unknown
Metropolitan of Durrës and Gora (1845–1858)* Orthodox Church of Albania


Ioannikios II

bornactivedied
unknown1721-1728unknown
Archbishop of Sinai (1721-1728)* Orthodox Church of Mount Sinai


Ioannikios I

bornactivedied
unknown1671-1702unknown
Archbishop of Sinai (1671-1702)* Orthodox Church of Mount Sinai


Ioasaf I

bornactivedied
unknown1708-1718unknown
Metropolitan of Kiev (1708-1718)* Ukrainian Orthodox Church


Ioasaph

bornactivedied
unknown1820-1823unknown
Metropolitan of Skopje (1820–1823)* Orthodox Church of Macedonia / under Patriarchate of Constantinople


Ioasaph II

bornactivedied
unknown1718-1745unknown
Archbishop of Ohrid (1718-1745)* Orthodox Church of Macedonia


Iona

bornactivedied
17631821-18321849
Exarch (appointed by the Russian Church) of Georgia (13 Oct 1821 - 17 Mar 1832) for the Orthodox Church of Georgia.
Notes (1)


Ioseb

bornactivedied
unknown1755-17641770
Catholicos-Patriarch of Iberia (Dec 1755 - 1764) for the Orthodox Church of Georgia.
Notes (1)


Iosif

bornactivedied
unknown1742-1745unknown
Metropolitan of Moscow (1742-1745)* Russian Orthodox Church


Iosiph

bornactivedied
unknown1746-1752unknown
Archbishop of Ohrid (1746-1752)* Orthodox Church of Macedonia


Iosiph

bornactivedied
unknown1753-1756unknown
Archbishop of Ohrid (1753-1756)* Orthodox Church of Macedonia


Iosiph

bornactivedied
unknown1859-1867unknown
Metropolitan of Durrës and Gora (1859–1867)* Orthodox Church of Albania


Iosiph II

bornactivedied
unknown1714-1722unknown
Metropolitan of Turnovo (1714-1722)* Bulgarian Orthodox Church


Isaija Djakovic

bornactivedied
unknown1708-17081708, Jul 20
Metropolitan of Krusedol (1708-1708)* Serbian Orthodox Church


Mayir Ishaki

aka: Meir Ishaki
bornactivedied
unknown1762-1780unknown
a Jewish scholar of the 18th century and Chief Rabbi (1762-1780) in Constantinople for the Ottoman Empire, serving under Sultan Mustafa III through Sultan Abdulhamid I.


Ishdambiynyam

borndied
17581773
The 3rd Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (1758-1773), was the third incarnation of the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the spiritual heads of the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia. His personal name was Ishdambiynyam and his Tibetan ceremonial name Ye-shes-bstan-pa'i-nyi-ma. He came from Tibet and was chosen as the third incarnation after the death of the 2nd Jebts...
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Links (1)


Isidor

bornactivedied
17991844-18581892
Exarch (appointed by the Russian Church) of Georgia (24 Nov 1844 - 13 Mar 1858) for the Orthodox Church of Georgia.
Notes (1)


Isidor

bornactivedied
unknown1858-1860unknown
Metropolitan of Kiev (1858–1860)* Ukrainian Orthodox Church


Cross-listed in Writers

Jose Francisco de Isla

aka: José
bornactivedied
1703, Apr 241722-17811781, Nov 2
a Spanish Jesuit, celebrated as a preacher and a humorist and satirist of the stamp of Miguel de Cervantes. Premature, bright and highly gifted intellectually, he was a compulsive reader from childhood and graduated with his bachiller in law at eleven year...
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Links (1)


Cross-listed in Writers

Menasseh Ben Israel

bornactivedied
16041632-16571657, Nov 20
a Portuguese rabbi, kabbalist, writer, diplomat, printer and publisher, founder of the first Hebrew printing press (named Emeth Meerets Titsma`h) in Amsterdam in 1626. Menasseh ben Israel was the author of many works. His major work Nishmat Hayim is a treatise in Hebrew on the Jewish concept of reincarnation of souls, published by his son Samuel six years be...
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Links (1)


Israyel I

bornactivedied
unknown1763-1765unknown
(anti-catholicos) Catholicose of Aluank' (1763-1765)*


Cross-listed in Writers

Moses Isserles

aka: Rema
borndied
1530, Feb 221572, May 11
an eminent Polish Ashkenazic rabbi, talmudist, and posek (expert in Jewish law). Isserles was born in Kraków, Poland. His father, Israel ben Josef (known as Isserl), was a prominent talmudist and independently wealthy, who had probably headed the community; his grandfather, Jehiel Luria, was the first rabbi of Brisk. (In an era which preceded the common use...
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Links (1)


Syedna Mohammed Izzuddin

bornactivedied
unknown1817-1821unknown
Islam; Dai al-Mutlaq Leader (1817–1821)* Dawoodi Bohra

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