a German historical painter. He decorated many of the palaces and churches in Munich, but his finest work, called 'The Last Judgment', is in the Senate Hall at Augsburg. A notable picture by him is a representation of 'David and Abigail', now at Vienna. He etched several plates from his own design, representing religious subjects (dated 1600, 1601, 1603), an...

a German historical painter. He decorated many of the palaces and churches in Munich, but his finest work, called 'The Last Judgment', is in the Senate Hall at Augsburg. A notable picture by him is a representation of 'David and Abigail', now at Vienna. He etched several plates from his own design, representing religious subjects (dated 1600, 1601, 1603), and his pictures were also engraved by two members of the Sadeler family and by Kilian, the plates numbering altogether over seventy. He practised in architecture, and painted a few miniatures, but his chief work was in fresco and in oil paint.

a Dutch Golden Age painter who specialized in still lifes. Later in his life, Kalf became an art dealer and appraiser. In the late 1630s, Willem Kalf travelled to Paris and spent time in the circle of the Flemish artists in Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Paris. In Paris he painted mainly small-scale rustic interiors and still lifes. Kalf’s rustic interiors are t...

a Dutch Golden Age painter who specialized in still lifes. Later in his life, Kalf became an art dealer and appraiser. In the late 1630s, Willem Kalf travelled to Paris and spent time in the circle of the Flemish artists in Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Paris. In Paris he painted mainly small-scale rustic interiors and still lifes. Kalf’s rustic interiors are typically dominated by groups of vegetables, buckets, pots and pans, which he arranged as a still life in the foreground (e.g. Kitchen Still life, Dresden, Gemäldegal; Alte Meister). Figures usually appeared only in the blurred obscurity of the background. Though painted in Paris, those pictures belong to a pictorial tradition practised primarily in Flanders in the early 17th century, by such artists as David Teniers the Younger.

a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands who specialised in townscapes. He was a pupil of Hendrik Gerrit ten Cate, Dirck Vettewinkel, and George Pieter Westenberg, who later taught Cornelis Springer 1835-1837 and worked in Haarlem 1842-1844. He became a member of Arti et Amicitiae in 1836 and enjoyed making trips to Prague and Germany. Besides Sp...

a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands who specialised in townscapes. He was a pupil of Hendrik Gerrit ten Cate, Dirck Vettewinkel, and George Pieter Westenberg, who later taught Cornelis Springer 1835-1837 and worked in Haarlem 1842-1844. He became a member of Arti et Amicitiae in 1836 and enjoyed making trips to Prague and Germany. Besides Springer, his pupils were Johannes Frederik Hulk, Eduard Karsen, Henricus Jacobus Levelt, Coen Metzelaar, Henry Mosselman, and Alexander Oltmans.

a German portrait painter and etcher. Upon the recommendation of Johann Peter von Langer (an acquaintance from Düsseldorf) he became one of the first professors at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich after its reorganization in 1808. He remained there as a teacher and manager until his death and earned a reputation as one of Germany's greatest portrait painters...

a German portrait painter and etcher. Upon the recommendation of Johann Peter von Langer (an acquaintance from Düsseldorf) he became one of the first professors at the Academy of Fine Arts Munich after its reorganization in 1808. He remained there as a teacher and manager until his death and earned a reputation as one of Germany's greatest portrait painters. He eventually portrayed almost every member of the Bavarian nobility and clergy. His most familiar portrait is that of Maximilian I in his coronation robes, which has been used as an illustration in many historical texts.

Frederick Kemmelmeyer advertised that he was an artist for the first time in a Baltimore newspaper. It is not known how long he had been in Baltimore or where he was living. He announced that he had “opened a DRAWING-SCHOOL for young Gentlemen, at his house, next door to Doctor Lemmon’s in Holliday-street.” There are no works attributed to Kemmelmeyer ...

Frederick Kemmelmeyer advertised that he was an artist for the first time in a Baltimore newspaper. It is not known how long he had been in Baltimore or where he was living. He announced that he had “opened a DRAWING-SCHOOL for young Gentlemen, at his house, next door to Doctor Lemmon’s in Holliday-street.” There are no works attributed to Kemmelmeyer before he was living in Baltimore, but he may have completed as-of-yet unidentified paintings before moving to Maryland. What he was doing during the time between 1783 (after the divorce in Charleston) and his advertisement in Baltimore five years later is still unknown.

an American artist and engraver. A member of the second generation of the Hudson River School of artists, Kensett's signature works are landscape paintings of New England and New York State, whose clear light and serene surfaces celebrate transcendental qualities of nature, and are associated with Luminism. Kensett's early work owed much to the influence of ...

an American artist and engraver. A member of the second generation of the Hudson River School of artists, Kensett's signature works are landscape paintings of New England and New York State, whose clear light and serene surfaces celebrate transcendental qualities of nature, and are associated with Luminism. Kensett's early work owed much to the influence of Thomas Cole, but was from the outset distinguished by a preference for cooler colors and an interest in less dramatic topography, favoring restraint in both palette and composition. The work of Kensett's maturity features tranquil scenery depicted with a spare geometry, culminating in series of paintings in which coastal promontories are balanced against glass-smooth water. He was a founder of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

a Flemish painter of still lifes and Jan Brueghel the Elder's grandson. He became a member of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke in 1644 as 'blomschilder' (flower painter). The 17th-century Flemish biographer Cornelis de Bie included van Kessel in his book on Flemish painters called Het Gulden Kabinet. more

a Flemish painter of still lifes and Jan Brueghel the Elder's grandson. He became a member of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke in 1644 as 'blomschilder' (flower painter). The 17th-century Flemish biographer Cornelis de Bie included van Kessel in his book on Flemish painters called Het Gulden Kabinet. Arnold Houbraken praised him for the neatness of his flower paintings for which he was known during his lifetime.

a portrait painter, scholar, inventor and alchemist living in the Holy Roman Empire during the 16th and 17th centuries. He wrote a number of books and pamphlets: a book on stoves, on making sundials, on using a 'sector' or 'proportional instrument' (a simple calculator), and on using 'Napier's bones' (another calculator) -- among other works. In the 1620s an...

a portrait painter, scholar, inventor and alchemist living in the Holy Roman Empire during the 16th and 17th centuries. He wrote a number of books and pamphlets: a book on stoves, on making sundials, on using a 'sector' or 'proportional instrument' (a simple calculator), and on using 'Napier's bones' (another calculator) -- among other works. In the 1620s and 1630s, he was a portrait painter in Cologne, Germany. He wrote a book called Unterschiedliche bisshero mehrern Theils Secreta oder verborgene, geheime Kunste (Various until now mostly Secreta or hidden, secret arts), which was published in Oppenheim in 1616. The first five chapters of this book deal with communicating via a crude Aldis lamp. In the same year he built an improved diving bell.

a portrait painter and the first prominent English portrait painter to operate in India. In 1768, Kettle sailed to India with the British East India Company, landing at Madras (now Chennai), where he remained for two years. There, he painted Lord Pigot and Muhammad Ali Khan twice (once alone and once with five of his sons). He also painted non-portrai...

a portrait painter and the first prominent English portrait painter to operate in India. In 1768, Kettle sailed to India with the British East India Company, landing at Madras (now Chennai), where he remained for two years. There, he painted Lord Pigot and Muhammad Ali Khan twice (once alone and once with five of his sons). He also painted non-portraits, including Dancing Girls (Blacks) in 1772 and a suttee scene in 1776 entitled, The ceremony of a gentoo woman taking leave of her relations and distributing her jewels prior to ascending the funeral pyre of her deceased husband.

a Flemish renaissance painter. He became a member of the Guild of St. Luke in Antwerp in 1540. He became specialized in flattering portraits and made a good living from theatrically posed group portraits. In Karel van Mander's biography, he mentions several l...

a Flemish renaissance painter. He became a member of the Guild of St. Luke in Antwerp in 1540. He became specialized in flattering portraits and made a good living from theatrically posed group portraits. In Karel van Mander's biography, he mentions several larger pieces by his hand that were burned during the Beeldenstorm.

a Persian painter and architect, active between 1810 and 1850 in Tehran. He received his apprenticeship in the royal workshops. In 1839, he was appointed by the King of Persia, Mohammad Shah Qajar (d. 1848), as painter laureate, court architect and supervisor of the royal workshops. Khan's best known work is a mural covering three internal walls of the Nigar...

a Persian painter and architect, active between 1810 and 1850 in Tehran. He received his apprenticeship in the royal workshops. In 1839, he was appointed by the King of Persia, Mohammad Shah Qajar (d. 1848), as painter laureate, court architect and supervisor of the royal workshops. Khan's best known work is a mural covering three internal walls of the Nigaristan Palace in Tehran, including 118 life-size figures. An inscription at the bottom of the painting attributes it to Khan, dated 1812-13. He painted several full-length portraits of King Fat?h-Ali Shah Qajar (d. 1834). Khan was also imperial designer of Fat?h-Ali Shah's marble cenotaph in Qum.

a Dutch Golden Age painter. Cornelis Kick is recorded as a painter from 1650 and specialized in flower still lifes, in the manner of his teacher Jan Davidsz de Heem. Kick married the daughter of the pawnbroker Spaaroog of the Bank van Lening, whose father had a garden outside the St Anthony's gate of Amsterdam. It was here that he painted flowers from nature...

a Dutch Golden Age painter. Cornelis Kick is recorded as a painter from 1650 and specialized in flower still lifes, in the manner of his teacher Jan Davidsz de Heem. Kick married the daughter of the pawnbroker Spaaroog of the Bank van Lening, whose father had a garden outside the St Anthony's gate of Amsterdam. It was here that he painted flowers from nature with his student Jakob van Walskapel, until the expansion of the city in 1657-1663 claimed the land the garden was on and so forced him to move his garden further eastwards to the new polder called Diemermeer.[

a Dutch Golden Age painter. According to the RKD he was the son of the Delft varnish worker Willem Kick. He married Christina (Stijntje) Duyster, who he got engaged to on the same day that her brother, the painter Willem Duyster got engaged to Simon's sister Margrieta. Simon and Stijntje became the parents of the painter Cornelis Kick. He is known for portra...

a Dutch Golden Age painter. According to the RKD he was the son of the Delft varnish worker Willem Kick. He married Christina (Stijntje) Duyster, who he got engaged to on the same day that her brother, the painter Willem Duyster got engaged to Simon's sister Margrieta. Simon and Stijntje became the parents of the painter Cornelis Kick. He is known for portraits and genre works with soldiers and horsemen.

a painter active in the colony of New York. He was for nearly twenty years the portraitist of choice in New York City, and is said to have been the first portraitist in the city. Kilburn is said by at least one source to have been a Moravian of Danish birth. He arrived in New York from London in May, 1754, on the brig Maria captained by Thomas Miller, and im...

a painter active in the colony of New York. He was for nearly twenty years the portraitist of choice in New York City, and is said to have been the first portraitist in the city. Kilburn is said by at least one source to have been a Moravian of Danish birth. He arrived in New York from London in May, 1754, on the brig Maria captained by Thomas Miller, and immediately announced his presence in the New York Gazette and the New York Weekly.

a Flemish painter. Kinson attended art school at Bruges and soon established a reputation in Ghent and Brussels. He exhibited a portrait in Paris in 1799. Settling in Paris after the exhibition, the artist courted the favor of the rich and famous of the time. He worked for Napoleon’s court and eventually became court painter to Jérôme Bonaparte, King of ...

a Flemish painter. Kinson attended art school at Bruges and soon established a reputation in Ghent and Brussels. He exhibited a portrait in Paris in 1799. Settling in Paris after the exhibition, the artist courted the favor of the rich and famous of the time. He worked for Napoleon’s court and eventually became court painter to Jérôme Bonaparte, King of Westphalia. Kinson is best remembered for his portraits of elegant women. The artist worked as a court painter in Paris until 1830, and died in Bruges.

an English 18th-century landscape painter, engraver, writer, draughtsman and architect famed for his publications and teaching on linear perspective based on Brook Taylor's mathematics. From an early age he was very studious, but, showing special aptitude as an artist, he settled down to work as a painter in Ipswich and accepted commissions. He was particula...

an English 18th-century landscape painter, engraver, writer, draughtsman and architect famed for his publications and teaching on linear perspective based on Brook Taylor's mathematics. From an early age he was very studious, but, showing special aptitude as an artist, he settled down to work as a painter in Ipswich and accepted commissions. He was particularly interested in Perspective, and began to prepare a Treatise on the subject before discovering the work of Dr. Brook Taylor.

a German neoclassicist architect, painter and writer. Court architect of Bavarian King Ludwig I, Leo von Klenze was one of the most prominent representatives of Greek revival style. In many of his paintings ancient buildings were depicted. Those served as models for his own architectural projects. Klenze studied ancient architecture during his travels to Ita...

a German neoclassicist architect, painter and writer. Court architect of Bavarian King Ludwig I, Leo von Klenze was one of the most prominent representatives of Greek revival style. In many of his paintings ancient buildings were depicted. Those served as models for his own architectural projects. Klenze studied ancient architecture during his travels to Italy and Greece. He also participated in excavations of ancient buildings in Athens and submitted projects for the restoration of the Acropolis.

the second Chief Engraver of the United States Mint from 1824 until his death in 1840. Kneass is credited with designing the "Classic Head" motif, which appeared on numerous denominations of American currency, including the gold Quarter Eagle ($2.50) and Half Eagle ($5.00) gold pieces from 1834-1839. He also modified John Reich's "Capped Bust" design on the ...

the second Chief Engraver of the United States Mint from 1824 until his death in 1840. Kneass is credited with designing the "Classic Head" motif, which appeared on numerous denominations of American currency, including the gold Quarter Eagle ($2.50) and Half Eagle ($5.00) gold pieces from 1834-1839. He also modified John Reich's "Capped Bust" design on the half dime through half-dollar from the years 1829-1837. Additionally, Kneass utilized his modified Capped Bust for the rebirth of the half-dime in 1829.

the leading portrait painter in England during the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and was court painter to English and British monarchs from Charles II to George I. His major works include The Chinese Convert (1687; Royal Collection, London); a series of four portraits of more

the leading portrait painter in England during the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and was court painter to English and British monarchs from Charles II to George I. His major works include The Chinese Convert (1687; Royal Collection, London); a series of four portraits of Isaac Newton painted at various junctures of the latter's life; a series of ten reigning European monarchs, including King Louis XIV of France; over 40 "Kit-cat portraits" of members of the Kit-Cat Club; and ten "beauties" of the court of William III, to match a similar series of ten beauties of the court of Charles II painted by his predecessor as court painter, Sir Peter Lely.

a German painter. He is renowned for accompanying Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in his Italian Journey to Naples, Paestum and Sicily, executing several drawings whilst there. Initially, he worked as a portrait artist, then in 1781 he traveled to Italy,...

a German painter. He is renowned for accompanying Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in his Italian Journey to Naples, Paestum and Sicily, executing several drawings whilst there. Initially, he worked as a portrait artist, then in 1781 he traveled to Italy, where he painted primarily vistas and landscapes.

a flower painter from the Northern Netherlands. After her father went blind, she followed lessons from her older brother, Joseph August Knip, and in 1802 she followed him to Paris, where she took lessons from the flower painter Gerard van Spaendonck. She became a successful painter and spent summers in Haarlem painting the flowers of the various flower compa...

a flower painter from the Northern Netherlands. After her father went blind, she followed lessons from her older brother, Joseph August Knip, and in 1802 she followed him to Paris, where she took lessons from the flower painter Gerard van Spaendonck. She became a successful painter and spent summers in Haarlem painting the flowers of the various flower companies, and she spent winters in Amsterdam teaching ladies how to paint.

a Dutch painter. At nineteen he became the family breadwinner, after his father went blind, and he was the first teacher of his younger sister Henriëtte Geertruida Knip. In 1801 he established himself in Paris, where he accepted commissions for topographical paintings. He also became drawing master to Napoleon III of France. He spent nine years in Paris. At...

a Dutch painter. At nineteen he became the family breadwinner, after his father went blind, and he was the first teacher of his younger sister Henriëtte Geertruida Knip. In 1801 he established himself in Paris, where he accepted commissions for topographical paintings. He also became drawing master to Napoleon III of France. He spent nine years in Paris. At the end of 1809 he went to Rome, where he remained until 1812.

a painter and architect in Prussia. Knobelsdorff was influenced as an architect by French Baroque Classicism and by Palladian architecture. With his interior design and the backing of the king, he created the basis for the Frederician Rococo style at Rheinsberg, which was the residence of the crown prince and later monarch. Already at 16 years of age he part...

a painter and architect in Prussia. Knobelsdorff was influenced as an architect by French Baroque Classicism and by Palladian architecture. With his interior design and the backing of the king, he created the basis for the Frederician Rococo style at Rheinsberg, which was the residence of the crown prince and later monarch. Already at 16 years of age he participated in a campaign against King Charles XII of Sweden, and in 1715 in the siege of Stralsund. While still a soldier he developed his artistic talents in self-study. After leaving military service he arranged to be trained in various painting techniques by the Prussian court painter Antoine Pesne, with whom he shared a lifelong friendship. Knobelsdorff also acquired additional expertise in geometry and anatomy. He saw his professional future in painting, and his pictures and drawings were always highly appreciated, even after the focus of his activities turned elsewhere.

a German painter and engraver. He specialized in landscapes, following the style of Berchem, and his work shows a jealous study of natural effects. His oil painting are in a number of German galleries (Karlsruhe, Darmstadt, Stuttgart, and Augsburg), but his work as an engraver has more importance. His etchings (about 300) were published by Frauenholz, in Mun...

a German painter and engraver. He specialized in landscapes, following the style of Berchem, and his work shows a jealous study of natural effects. His oil painting are in a number of German galleries (Karlsruhe, Darmstadt, Stuttgart, and Augsburg), but his work as an engraver has more importance. His etchings (about 300) were published by Frauenholz, in Munich (1809), as Œuvres complètes de Ferdinand Kobell, another of 179 pages were published by Kugler (Stuttgart, 1842). His plates mark a distinct advance in the treatment of landscape etching in Germany.

a German painter, etcher and draftsman. He produced only a few oil paintings, highly praised by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, a notable example being “Rocky landscape with waterfalls,” once in the Bamberg gallery. Endowed as he was with an exubera...

a German painter, etcher and draftsman. He produced only a few oil paintings, highly praised by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, a notable example being “Rocky landscape with waterfalls,” once in the Bamberg gallery. Endowed as he was with an exuberant fancy and extraordinary facility of production, the process of painting proved too slow to keep pace with his ideas, and he mostly confined himself to the use of pen and pencil, leaving 20,000 landscape and architecture pen drawings and etchings.

an 18th-century landscape and marine painter, etcher, draftsman and watercolorist from the Northern Netherlands. He painted in oils and watercolors, doing landscapes and marines. His work is distinguished by skillful manipulation and lifelike depiction. His work as a draftsman and etcher was also notable. He was esteemed for his numerous drawings, executed i...

an 18th-century landscape and marine painter, etcher, draftsman and watercolorist from the Northern Netherlands. He painted in oils and watercolors, doing landscapes and marines. His work is distinguished by skillful manipulation and lifelike depiction. His work as a draftsman and etcher was also notable. He was esteemed for his numerous drawings, executed in pen and heightened with India ink.

a German artist, a painter, printmaker and teacher. His early paintings were landscapes, rural genre scenes, and animal pieces, of which the galleries of Bamberg, Weimar, Mannheim, Karlsruhe, Berlin, Darmstadt, Frankfort, and Wiesbaden contain fine specimens. Throughout his life Kobell traveled to England, France and Italy but ultimately based his style on D...

a German artist, a painter, printmaker and teacher. His early paintings were landscapes, rural genre scenes, and animal pieces, of which the galleries of Bamberg, Weimar, Mannheim, Karlsruhe, Berlin, Darmstadt, Frankfort, and Wiesbaden contain fine specimens. Throughout his life Kobell traveled to England, France and Italy but ultimately based his style on Dutch art. He gained a reputation through clever work on battle scenes and horses, as well as his very fine etchings and his especially fine aquatint engravings.

a Dutch Golden Age painter. According to Johan van Gool, he saw two excellent cabinet pieces painted in the tradition of Gerard Dou in the collection of Willem Lormier in the Hague, of a farmer being bandaged on his knee in a "barber shop", and a boy stealing some almonds while looking over his shoulder to see if anyone notices. According to the RKD he worke...

a Dutch Golden Age painter. According to Johan van Gool, he saw two excellent cabinet pieces painted in the tradition of Gerard Dou in the collection of Willem Lormier in the Hague, of a farmer being bandaged on his knee in a "barber shop", and a boy stealing some almonds while looking over his shoulder to see if anyone notices. According to the RKD he worked in Amsterdam (and Haarlem), Indonesia, and India. He is known for genre works and portraits.

a Dutch landscape artist and father of Johannes Hermanus Barend Koekkoek. In Cleves, where he would spend the rest of his life, Koekkoek painted his most important landscapes, ranging from extensive river valleys to idyllic forest views dominated by one or more oaks. He often dramatized his trees as a means to emphasize man’s paltriness in comparison to na...

a Dutch landscape artist and father of Johannes Hermanus Barend Koekkoek. In Cleves, where he would spend the rest of his life, Koekkoek painted his most important landscapes, ranging from extensive river valleys to idyllic forest views dominated by one or more oaks. He often dramatized his trees as a means to emphasize man’s paltriness in comparison to nature. By 1841, Koekkoek had earned such regard from his fellow artists that he decided to publish a book of lessons for students, Herinneringen en Mededeelingen van eenen Landschapsschilder ("Recollections and Communications of a Landscape Painter"), in which he aired the view that an artist must, above all, stay true to nature through meticulous observation and rigorous draughtsmanship.

a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands. He was born in Middelburg as the son of Johannes Hermanus Koekkoek. He was the brother of Barend Cornelis, Marinus Adrianus and Johannes. He became the father of Hermanus the Younger, Willem, Johannes Hermanus Barend, and Barend Hendrik. Like his father and brothers, he is known for landscapes and taught ...

a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands. He was born in Middelburg as the son of Johannes Hermanus Koekkoek. He was the brother of Barend Cornelis, Marinus Adrianus and Johannes. He became the father of Hermanus the Younger, Willem, Johannes Hermanus Barend, and Barend Hendrik. Like his father and brothers, he is known for landscapes and taught his sons to paint in the family tradition. He died in Haarlem.

a Dutch painter, sculptor, writer and teacher, involved during part of his life in revolutionary activity. He attended Cornelis Kruseman's studio together with other artists of this period, such as Alexander Hugo Bakker Korff, David Bles and Herman ten Kate. Between 1846 and 1851 Koelman lived in Rome, to where he travelled for artistic purposes, but where h...

a Dutch painter, sculptor, writer and teacher, involved during part of his life in revolutionary activity. He attended Cornelis Kruseman's studio together with other artists of this period, such as Alexander Hugo Bakker Korff, David Bles and Herman ten Kate. Between 1846 and 1851 Koelman lived in Rome, to where he travelled for artistic purposes, but where he found himself involved in the revolutionary Roman Republic of 1849, and eventually joined Giuseppe Garibaldi's defence of Rome against the French Army.

a German painter. He is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. Kolbe was born and died in Düsseldorf. After his education at the 'old' Kunstakademie Düsseldorf and then went to Paris for ten years to study. He was part of the circle of Friedrich Schlegel and worked on the review "Europa". He later worked in the studio of François Gérard. In ...

a German painter. He is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. Kolbe was born and died in Düsseldorf. After his education at the 'old' Kunstakademie Düsseldorf and then went to Paris for ten years to study. He was part of the circle of Friedrich Schlegel and worked on the review "Europa". He later worked in the studio of François Gérard. In 1811 he returned to Düsseldorf, becoming the favourite portraitist of the Rhineland, painting 60 portraits in Barmen and Elberfeld alone. His subjects in Weimar included Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Charles Augustus, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and two of Charles Augustus's mistress Karoline Jagemann. From 1822 he was a professor at the Düsseldorf Art Academy, but he left in 1832 after a long dispute with the new director Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow. He died in Düsseldorf after a long illness.

a German painter. The son of a Nuremberg goldsmith, König was a follower of Adam Elsheimer. He is known today primarily because of his very finely painted copper panels. König was known as a painter of small-format images on copper and colorful miniatures and Kunstkammer pieces on marble. Less well known is König for a series of large canvases with person...

a German painter. The son of a Nuremberg goldsmith, König was a follower of Adam Elsheimer. He is known today primarily because of his very finely painted copper panels. König was known as a painter of small-format images on copper and colorful miniatures and Kunstkammer pieces on marble. Less well known is König for a series of large canvases with personifications of virtues and Roman rulers, which he painted for the Town Hall in Augsburg, and are now on display along with five drawings in the municipal art collections in the Schaezlerpalais in Augsburg.

a Swedish noble, known as a dilettante artist (painter), amateur actor, and poet. Her known paintings include a self-portrait from 1688, a portrait of her sister Aurora, a portrait of the noble Katarina Ebba Horn from 1698 and a portrait of Sophia Dorothea of Hanover. She participated at the amateur theatre of the royal court encouraged by the queen, Ulrika ...

a Swedish noble, known as a dilettante artist (painter), amateur actor, and poet. Her known paintings include a self-portrait from 1688, a portrait of her sister Aurora, a portrait of the noble Katarina Ebba Horn from 1698 and a portrait of Sophia Dorothea of Hanover. She participated at the amateur theatre of the royal court encouraged by the queen, Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark. In the winter of 1683–84, a group of female courtiers performed the Swedish premier of Iphigénie by Racine at court.

a Dutch painter of genre scenes and portraits, and an engraver. Koninck was born in Amsterdam. He moved in the circles of Rembrandt and the academy of Hendrick van Uylenburgh, making many copies of Rembrandt's compositions. His paintings have a warm colour palette a...

a Dutch painter of genre scenes and portraits, and an engraver. Koninck was born in Amsterdam. He moved in the circles of Rembrandt and the academy of Hendrick van Uylenburgh, making many copies of Rembrandt's compositions. His paintings have a warm colour palette and include many "philosophers" or scholars.

a German painter, a pupil of the Swiss painter Anton Graff, and sister of the poet and soldier Carl Theodor Körner. Together with her brother Theodor, Emma was raised in a home with a lively social, artistic, and intellectual life. In her brief artistic career, Emma Körner painted a portrait of more

a German painter, a pupil of the Swiss painter Anton Graff, and sister of the poet and soldier Carl Theodor Körner. Together with her brother Theodor, Emma was raised in a home with a lively social, artistic, and intellectual life. In her brief artistic career, Emma Körner painted a portrait of Friedrich Schiller in his final years, as well as numerous portraits of her brother Theodor, toward whom she displayed an intimate sisterly devotion.

a Dutch Renaissance painter who travelled to Italy and remained there. According to Karel van Mander he was visited by Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom in 1585 in Turin. According to the RKD he was the father-in-law of the painter-architect Friedrich Sustris and becam...

a Dutch Renaissance painter who travelled to Italy and remained there. According to Karel van Mander he was visited by Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom in 1585 in Turin. According to the RKD he was the father-in-law of the painter-architect Friedrich Sustris and became court painter to Emanuel Philibert, duc de Savoie and after the duke died in 1580, to the duke's successor Charles Emanuel I.

a German-Austrian painter. Krafft was born in Hanau, Hesse. At the age of ten, he began his art studies at the Hanau Akademie. In 1799, he moved to Vienna and studied at the Academy of Fine Arts for three years under the tutelage of Heinrich Füger. From 1802 to 1808, he studied in Paris, with Jacques-Louis David and François Gérard, and then in Rome. On h...

a German-Austrian painter. Krafft was born in Hanau, Hesse. At the age of ten, he began his art studies at the Hanau Akademie. In 1799, he moved to Vienna and studied at the Academy of Fine Arts for three years under the tutelage of Heinrich Füger. From 1802 to 1808, he studied in Paris, with Jacques-Louis David and François Gérard, and then in Rome. On his return to Vienna, he became a successful professional painter, producing numerous portraits. He also painted various battle scenes, from both the contemporary Napoleonic wars and earlier times, his depictions tending to present the Habsburg cause in a positive and heroic way. In 1828, Krafft became director of the Imperial and Royal Picture Gallery in Belvedere Palace. Johann Peter Krafft died at the age of 76 in Vienna, where he was buried at the Zentralfriedhof.

a German painter. A student of Johann Heinrich Tischbein, he was also a teacher himself (his pupils included Ferdinand Jagemann), as well as an entrepreneur and friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. He was a co-founder of the Fürstliche freie Zeich...

a German painter. A student of Johann Heinrich Tischbein, he was also a teacher himself (his pupils included Ferdinand Jagemann), as well as an entrepreneur and friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. He was a co-founder of the Fürstliche freie Zeichenschule Weimar with Friedrich Justin Bertuch in 1776.

sometimes called "the American Hogarth" was America's first painter of genre scenes. Born in Germany, he emigrated to Philadelphia in 1809 and soon became a member of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Initially influenced by Scotland's David Wilkie, England's William Hogarth and America's more

sometimes called "the American Hogarth" was America's first painter of genre scenes. Born in Germany, he emigrated to Philadelphia in 1809 and soon became a member of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Initially influenced by Scotland's David Wilkie, England's William Hogarth and America's Benjamin West, he soon turned to direct observation of life for his genre scenes. He was among the first artists in America to portray free blacks, such as in Black People's Prayer Meeting (1813). Among his still frequently reproduced paintings are Fourth of July, Center Square (1811/12) and Election Day (1815), both filled with lively characterizations of scores of crowd members. Krimmel died in a swimming accident at the age of 35.

a 19th-century portrait painter from the Northern Netherlands. During 1822–1824 he followed lessons in Brussels from François-Joseph Navez and Jacques-Louis David. He was one of the founders of the Amsterdam society Arti et Amicitiae in 1839 and became a director there. He travelled in England, France and Germany and was a teacher at the Amsterdam Royal A...

a 19th-century portrait painter from the Northern Netherlands. During 1822–1824 he followed lessons in Brussels from François-Joseph Navez and Jacques-Louis David. He was one of the founders of the Amsterdam society Arti et Amicitiae in 1839 and became a director there. He travelled in England, France and Germany and was a teacher at the Amsterdam Royal Academy of Art.

a Dutch Renaissance painter. Kunst was one of the three sons of the painter Cornelis Engebrechtsz who became a painter and glass painter (engraver). His brothers Cornelis Cornelisz Kunst and Lucas Cornelisz de Kock were also painters. He is known for historical allegories, drawings, and glass painting. In 1509 he married Marijtgen Gerritsdr van Dam, with who...

a Dutch Renaissance painter. Kunst was one of the three sons of the painter Cornelis Engebrechtsz who became a painter and glass painter (engraver). His brothers Cornelis Cornelisz Kunst and Lucas Cornelisz de Kock were also painters. He is known for historical allegories, drawings, and glass painting. In 1509 he married Marijtgen Gerritsdr van Dam, with whom he had a son Adriaen Pietersz who became a glass engraver, and a daughter Marijtgen.