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1758, May 61789-17941794, Jul 28
a French lawyer and politician, and one of the best-known and most influential figures of the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror. By making himself the embodiment of virtue and of total commitment, he took control of the Revolution in its most radical and bloody phase – the Jacobin republic. His goal in the Terror was to use the guillotine to create what he called a 'republic of virtue', wherein terror and virtue, his principles, would be imposed.
 Mentions (5)
Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois
...1794 saw assassination attempts on both Collot and Maximilien Robespierre. As Collot was accused of excessive slaughter and...
Georges Couthon
...on 30 May 1793 and served as a close associate of Maximilien Robespierre and Louis Antoine de Saint-Just until his arrest and...
Pierre-Louis Ginguene
...Terror and escaped with life only by the downfall of Maximilien Robespierre. He was one of the commission appointed to continue...
Madame de Montesson
...was released on 28 September 1794 (after the fall of Maximilien Robespierre, befriended Joséphine de Beauharnais, and was...
Antoine Christophe Saliceti
...and First Empire. On account of his friendship with Maximilien Robespierre, Saliceti was denounced by the Thermidorian Reaction...
 Contemporaries
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Maximilien Robespierre1758, May 61789
 
17941794, Jul 28

James Bruce1730, Dec 141762
 
17901794, Apr 27
 a Scottish traveller and travel writer who spent more than a dozen years in North Africa and Ethi...
Phebe Gibbesunknown1764
 
17901805
 an 18th-century English novelist and early feminist. She authored twenty-two books between 1764 a...
Robert Burns1759, Jan 251775
 
17901796, Jul 21
 a Scottish poet and lyricist. He is widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland and is celeb...
Francis Hopkinson1737, Sep 211761
 
17911791, May 9
 designed the first official American flag. He was an author, a composer, and one of the signers o...
Carl Michael Bellman1740, Feb 41768
 
17911795, Feb 11
 a Swedish songwriter, composer, musician, poet and entertainer. He is a central figure in the Swe...
George Whatleyunknown1772
 
1791unknown
 a contemporary, friend and correspondent of Benjamin Franklin. He was also Vice-President (1772-1...
John Burgoyne1722, Feb 241743
 
17921792, Aug 4
 a British army officer, politician and dramatist. He first saw action during the Seven Years' War...
George Mason1725, Nov 301747
 
17921792, Oct 7
 a Virginia planter and politician, and a delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention of 1787, ...
Jackson Johonnetunknown1793
 
 
1793unknown
 the pseudonymous author of a spurious Indian captivity narrative that enjoyed much popularity in ...
Henry Emlyn17291781
 
17951815, Dec 10
 an English architect. Emlyn published A Proposition for a new Order in Architecture, with rules f...
Sir William Chambers1723, Feb 231740
 
17961796, Mar 10
 a Scottish-Swedish architect, based in London. Among his best-known works are Somerset House, Lon...
Horace Walpole1717, Sep 241737
 
17971797, Mar 2
 an English art historian, man of letters, antiquarian and Whig politician. He had Strawberry Hill...
Giacomo Casanova1725, Apr 21742
 
17971798, Jun 4
 an Italian adventurer and author from the Republic of Venice. His autobiography, Histoire de ma v...
Benjamin Banneker1731, Nov 91753
 
17971806, Oct 9
 a free African American almanac author, surveyor, naturalist and farmer. His knowledge of astrono...
Margaretta Faugeres1771, Oct 111790
 
17981801, Jan 9
 She was an American playwright, poet and political activist. She was committed to establishing he...
Ashley Bowen1728, Jan 81741
 
17991813
 the first American sailor to write an autobiography. Although Bowen's career as a sailor was not ...
John Andreeunknown1780
 
1799unknown
 an English surgeon. Andree published several books, chiefly on surgical subjects. Through not bei...
Mercy Harbisonunknown1790
 
1799unknown
 a young American woman living in the decades immediately following the Revolutionary War, who was...
Elizabeth Graeme Fergusson1737, Feb 31764
 
18011801, Feb 23
 an American poet and writer; her main literary project was the translation of Telemachus from the...
Eliza Bromleyunknown1784
 
1803unknown
 an English novelist and translator. Nothing is really known about the details of her life. Mrs B...
Thomas Paine [2]1736, Jan 291761
 
18041809, Jun 8
 an English-American political activist, philosopher, political theorist and revolutionary. One of...
Friedrich Schiller1759, Nov 101781
 
18041805, May 9
 a German poet, philosopher, physician, historian, and playwright. During the last seventeen years...
Mercy Otis Warren1728, Sep 141765
 
18051814, Oct 19
 a political writer and propagandist of the American Revolution. In the eighteenth century, topics...
Jacob Bailey1731, Apr 161755
 
18081808, Jul 26
 an author and clergyman of the Church of England, active in New England and Nova Scotia. Bailey w...
Jean-Nicolas Demeunier1751, Mar 151789
 
18081814, Feb 2
 a French author and politician. It was as a member of the Constitutional Committee that Démeunie...
Xosefa Xovellanos1745, Jun 41740
 
18091807
 the younger sister of Asturian politician illustrated Gaspar Melchor de Xovellanos and prominent ...
Joseph Quesnel1746, Nov 151766
 
18091809, Jul 2/3
 a French Canadian composer, poet, and playwright. Among his works were two operas, Colas et Co...
William Batt1744, Jun 181770
 
18091812, Feb 9
 an English physician, chemist, and botanist. On completing his studies he returned to England, bu...
Antal Amade de Varkonyunknown1790
 
1809unknown
 a Hungarian Count and Prefect of Zagreb in Croatia, who established the first public theatre in t...
William Felton [2]unknown1790
 
1809unknown
 a London coachmaker from 36 Leather Lane in Holborn, and 254 Oxford Street near Grosvenor Square,...
Jean-Dominique Cassini1748 Jun 301768
 
18101845, Oct 18
 a French astronomer, he succeeded his father as director of the observatory. He published in 177...
Charles Brockden Brown1771, Jan 171793
 
18101810, Feb 22
 an American novelist, historian, and editor of the Early National period, is generally regarded b...
Louis Antoine de Bougainville1729, Nov 121753
 
18111811, Aug 31
 a French admiral and explorer. A contemporary of the British explorer James Cook, he took part in...
Paul Revere1734, Dec 211756
 
18111818, May 10
 an American silversmith, engraver, early industrialist, and a Patriot in the American Revolution....
Joel Barlow1754, Mar 241778
 
18121812, Dec 26
 an American poet and diplomat, and French politician. In politics, he supported the French Revolu...
Shneur Zalman of Liadi1745, Sep 41780
 
18121812, Dec 15
 an Orthodox Rabbi, and the founder and first (Lubavitcher) Rebbe of Chabad (1780–1812), a branc...
Samuel Bard1742, Apr 11765
 
18131821, May 24
 an American physician who founded the first medical school in New York City and the second medica...
Samuel Osgood1747, Feb 31771
 
18131813, Aug 12
 an American merchant and statesman born in Andover, Massachusetts, currently a part of North Ando...
Alexander Cumming17331750
 
18141814, Mar 8
 a Scottish watchmaker and instrument inventor, who was the first to patent a design of the flush ...
David Ramsay1749, Apr 21773
 
18151815, May 8
 an American physician, public official, and historian from Charleston, South Carolina. He was one...
Benjamin Smith Barton1766, Feb 101789
 
18151815, Dec 19
 an American botanist, naturalist, and physician. Barton corresponded with naturalists throughout ...
Friedrich Maximilian Klinger1752, Feb 171773
 
18171831, Feb 25
 a German dramatist and novelist. His play Sturm und Drang (1776) gave name to the Sturm und Drang...
Nathan Drake1766, Jan 151780
 
18171836
 an English essayist and physician. Drake was apprenticed to a doctor in York in 1780, and in 1786...
Jane Austen1775, Dec 161787
 
18171817, Jul 18
 an English novelist whose works of romantic fiction, set among the landed gentry, earned her a pl...
Anne Seymour Damer1749, Nov 81784
 
18181828, May 28
 an English sculptor and novelist. During the period 1784–1818, Damer exhibited 32 works as an h...
Jacob Axelsson Lindblom1746, Jul 271779
 
18191819, Feb 15
 a Swedish scholar who eventually became archbishop of Uppsala for the Lutheran Swedish Church, a ...
Mary Ann Hanwayunknown1790
 
1819unknown
 an eighteenth century travel writer and novelist. She has been proposed as the anonymous author o...
Henry Fuseli1741, Feb 71761
 
18201825, Apr 17
 a Swiss painter, draughtsman and writer on art who spent much of his life in Britain. Many of his...
Moses Hoge1752, Feb 151787
 
18201820, Jul 5
 a Presbyterian minister and educator. He served as the sixth President of Hampden–Sydney Colleg...
Joaquim Machado de Castro1731, Jun 191770
 
18221822, Nov 17
 one of Portugal's foremost sculptors, and a celebrated figure throughout Europe in the eighteenth...
Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre1749, Sep 191788
 
18221822, Aug 19
 a French mathematician and astronomer. He was also director of the Paris Observatory, and author ...
Frodsham Hodson1770, Jun 71791
 
18221822, Jan 18
 an English churchman and academic, the Principal of Brasenose College, Oxford from 1809. He edite...
Thomas Jefferson1743, Apr 21767
 
18241826, Jul 4
 an American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776), and ...
Hannah Adams1755, Oct 21784
 
18241831, Dec 15
 an American author of books on comparative religion and early United States history. She was born...
William Hull1753, Jun 241775
 
18251825, Nov 29
 an American soldier and politician. He fought in the American Revolution and was appointed as Gov...
Claude Henri de Rouvroy1760, Oct 171779
 
18251825, May 19
 a French political and economic theorist and businessperson whose thought played a substantial ro...
Pierre-Simon Laplace1749, Mar 231771
 
18271827, Mar 5
 an influential French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statist...
Franz Xaver von Zach1754, Jun 41780
 
18271832, Sep 2
 a Hungarian astronomer born in Pest, Hungary. Zach published Tables of the Sun (Gotha, 179...
William Maclure1763, Oct 271782
 
18271840, Mar 23
 an Americanized Scottish geologist, cartographer and philanthropist. He is known as the 'father o...
Luigi Romanelli1751, Jul 211785
 
18281839, Mar 1
 an Italian opera librettist. Romanelli was born in Rome. He wrote tens of librettos, most of them...
Hannah Webster Foster1758, Sep 101770
 
18291840, Apr 17
 an American novelist. Her epistolary novel, The Coquette; or, The History of Eliza Wharton...
Jonathan Swift1667, Nov 301690
 
1831745, Oct 19
 an Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Torie...
Richard Allen [2]1760, Feb 141777
 
18311831, Mar 26
 a minister, educator, writer, and one of America's most active and influential black leaders. In ...
Marianne Ehrenstrom1773, Dec 91790
 
18311867, Jan 4
 a Swedish writer, singer, painter, pianist, culture personality, memorialist, principal and lady-...
John Watkins [2]unknown1792
 
1831unknown
 an English miscellaneous writer, known as a biographer. He is most famous for being the author of...
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel1770, Aug 271793
 
18311831, Nov 14
 a German philosopher and an important figure of German Idealism. He achieved wide renown in his d...
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe1749, Aug 281770
 
18321832, Mar 22
 a German writer and statesman. His body of work includes epic and lyric poetry written in a varie...
William Dunlap1766, Feb 191783
 
18341839, Sep 28
 a pioneer of American theater. He was a producer, playwright, and actor, as well as a historian. ...
Samuel Taylor Coleridge1772, Oct 211792
 
18341834, Jul 25
 an English poet, literary critic and philosopher who, with his friend William Wordsworth, was a f...
William Wirt1772, Nov 81792
 
18341834, Feb 18
 an American author and statesman who is credited with turning the position of United States Attor...
Robert Southey1774, Aug 121791
 
18371843, Mar 21
 an English poet of the Romantic school, one of the so-called "Lake Poets", and Poet Laureate for ...
Christian Heinrich Nebbien17781783
 
18391841
  a German-born landscaping architect, mainly active in Austria. He also wrote a book on the metho...
Solomon Southwick1773, Dec 251792
 
18391839, Nov 18
 a New York newspaper publisher and political figure who was a principal organizer of the Anti-Mas...
Marta Helena Reenstierna1753, Sep 161793
 
18391841, Jan 12
 a Swedish diary writer. Her diaries were written in the period 1793–1839, and are kept at the a...
Edmund Fanning [2]1769, Jul 161773
 
18411841, Apr 23
 an American explorer and sea captain, known as the "Pathfinder of the Pacific." As master of the ...
Noah Webster1758, Oct 161781
 
18431843, May 28
 an American lexicographer, textbook pioneer, English-language spelling reformer, political writer...
William Wordsworth1770, Apr 71787
 
18471850, Apr 23
 a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Ag...
Robert Owen1771, May 141792
 
18571858, Nov 17
 a Welsh social reformer and one of the founders of utopian socialism and the cooperative movement...
Charles Hamilton Smith1776, Dec 261787
 
18591859, Sep 21
 an English artist, naturalist, antiquary, illustrator, soldier, and spy. His military career bega...
Rebecca Hammond Lard1772, Mar 71786
 
1941855, Sep 28
 called by some critics "the first poet in Indiana". Her poetry reflects on the lives of the early...
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