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1476, Jun 281505-15591559, Aug 18
the Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 23 May 1555 to his death in 1559. While serving as papal nuncio in Spain, he developed an anti-Spanish outlook that later coloured his papacy, and resulted in the Papal States suffering a serious military defeat in the Italian War of 1551–59. As pope his nationalism was a driving force; he used the office to preserve some liberties in the face of fourfold foreign occupation. Like Pope Paul III, he was an enemy of the Colonna family.
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05/23/1555-Gian Pietro Carafa elected as Pope Paul IV
09/09/1556-Pope Paul IV refuses to crown Ferdinand I emperor 
02/16/1559-Pope Paul IV calls for deposition of sovereigns supporting heresy 
 Notes (1)
Roman Catholic Popes:

Innocent VIII (1484-1492): Pope from 29 August 1484 to his death in 1492. Born into a prominent Genoese family he entered the church and was made bishop in 1467 befor...
Alexander VI (1492-1503): Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 11 August 1492 until his death. He is one of the most controversial of the Renaissance popes, partl...
Pius III (1503): the Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 22 September 1503 to his death on 18 October 1503. He had one of the shortest pontificates in pa...
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 Contemporaries
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Pope Paul IV1476, Jun 281505
 
15591559, Aug 18

Cesare Borgia1475, Sep 131490
 
15071507, Mar 12
 an Italian condottiero, nobleman, politician, and cardinal, whose fight for power was a major ins...
Abraham Zacuto1452, Aug 121480
 
15091515 ca
 a Sephardi Jewish astronomer, astrologer, mathematician, rabbi and historian who served as Royal ...
Girolamo Piccolomini Sr.unknown1498
 
1510unknown
 On 14 Mar 1498, Girolamo Piccolomini was appointed during the papacy of Pope Alexander VI as both...
Pachomius Iunknown1502
 
15131513
 Ecumenical Patriarch of the Church of Constantinople from 1503 to 1513, except for a short period...
Pope Julius II1443, Dec 51503
 
15131513, Feb 21
 Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 1 November 1503 to his death in 1513. His papacy was mark...
Al-Mustamsikunknown1497
 
15171521
 an Abbasid caliph (Islam) of the Abbasid Caliphate of Cairo, Egypt under the tutelage of the Maml...
Patrick Paniter1470 ca1500
 
15171519
 Scottish churchman and principal secretary to James V. Paniter was born around 1470 at the villag...
Al-Mutawakkil IIIunknown1508
 
 
15171543
 the Abbasid Caliph (Islam) from 1508 to 1516, and again in 1517 for the Abbasid Caliphate of Cair...
Ignatius Jacob [1]unknown1512
 
 
15171517
  the Patriarch of Antioch, and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1512 until his death in 15...
Selim I1465/66/70, Oct 101512
 
 
15201520, Sep 22
 the Sultan and Caliph (Sunni Islam) of the Ottoman Empire/Caliphate from 1512 to 1520. His reign ...
Gavin Douglas1474 ca1496
 
15211522, Sep
 a Scottish bishop, makar and translator. Although he had an important political career, it is for...
Pope Leo X1475, Dec 111513
 
 
15211521, Dec 1
 the Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 9 March 1513 to his death. The second son of Lorenzo ...
Theoleptus Iunknown1513
 
 
1522unknown
 the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1513 to 1522, for the Church of Constantinople. W...
Pope Adrian VI1459, Mar 21490
 
15231523, Sep 14
 the 218th pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 9 January 1522 until his death. He was the last ...
Pope John XIIIunknown1484
 
15241524
 the 94th Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark for the Armenian A...
Philip of Burgundy14641498
 
15241524
 Admiral of the Netherlands from 1498 to 1517 and bishop of Utrecht from 1517 to 1524. In the year...
Thomas Wolsey1473, Mar1509
 
 
15301530, Nov 29
 an English political figure and a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. When Henry VIII became K...
Pope Clement VII1478, May 261523
 
 
15341534, Sep 25
 Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 19 November 1523 to his death in 1534. The Sack of Rome a...
Girolamo Piccolomini Jr.unknown1510
 
 
15351535
 On 9 Dec 1510, Girolamo Piccolomini was appointed during the papacy of Pope Julius II as both Bis...
Olav Engelbrektsson1480 ca1533
 
 
15371538, Feb 7
 the 28th Archbishop of Norway from 1523 to 1537, the Regent of Norway from 1533 to 1537, a member...
John Stone [1]unknown1530
 
 
15391539, Dec
 an English Augustinian friar who was executed, probably in December 1539; he was canonized in 197...
John Palsgrave1485 ca1513
 
 
15451554
 a priest of Henry VIII of England's court. He is known as a tutor in the royal household, and as ...
Jeremias Iunknown1513
 
 
15461546, Jan 13
 Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople two times, from 1522 to 1524 and from 1525 to 1546 for the...
David Beaton1494 ca1519
 
 
15461546, May 29
 Archbishop of St Andrews and the last Scottish Cardinal prior to the Reformation. In 1520, his un...
Joannicius Iunknown1546
 
 
1546unknown
 Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1546)*Church of Constantinople
King Henry VIII1491, Jun 281509
 
 
15471547, Jan 28
  King of England from 1509 until his death and Supreme Head of the Church of England from 1536 to...
Pope Paul III1468, Feb 291491
 
15491549, Nov 10
  the Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 13 October 1534 to his death in 1549. He came to the...
William Lamb [1]1493 ca1537
 
 
15501550
 a Scottish cleric, lawyer, and author. William Lamb wrote Ane Resonyng of ane Scottis and Ingl...
Robert Wauchope [1]1500 ca1539
 
 
15511551
 the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh from 1539 to 1551. Wauchope worked as a theologian in Rom...
Edward VI1537, Oct 121547
 
 
15531553, Jul 6
  King of England and Ireland (and Supreme Head of the Church of England) from 28 January 1547 unt...
Lady Jane Grey1536/371553
 
 
15541554, Feb 12
 an English noblewoman and de facto monarch of England and Ireland from 10 July until 19 July 1553...
Ignatius of Loyola1491, Oct 231508
 
 
15551556, Jul 31
 a Spanish priest and theologian, who founded the religious order called the Society of Jesus (Jes...
Hugh Latimer1487 ca1515
 
 
15551555, Oct 16
 a Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge, and Bishop of Worcester before the Reformation, and later C...
Stephen Gardiner1483 ca1531
 
 
15551555, Nov 12
 English bishop and politician during the English Reformation period who served as Lord Chancellor...
Pope Marcellus II1501, May 61535
 
 
15551555, May 1
 Pope of the Roman Catholic Church from 9 April 1555 until his death 22 days later on 1 May 1555. ...
Nicholas Ridley1500 ca1538
 
 
15551555, Oct 16
 an English Bishop of London. Ridley was burned at the stake, as one of the Oxford Martyrs, during...
Dionysius IIunknown1546
 
 
1555unknown
 Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1546-1555)*Church of Constantinople
Pope Julius III1487, Sep 101550
 
 
15551555, Mar 23
 Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 7 February 1550 to his death in 1555. Distinguished as an...
Mikael Agricola1510 ca1537
 
 
15571557, Apr 9
 a clergyman who became the de facto founder of literary Finnish and a prominent proponent of the ...
Reginald Pole1500, Mar 121518
 
 
15581558, Nov 17
 an English cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canter...
Queen Mary I1516, Feb 181553
 
 
15581558, Nov 17
 the Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 until her death. Her executions of Protestants le...
John Angelunknown1550
 
1559unknown
 a chaplain to King Philip and Queen Mary I, is said to have been a 'person of singular zeal and l...
Alessandro Piccolomini [1]unknown1528
 
1563unknown
 a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Pienza (1535-1563) and Bishop of Montalcino (152...
Robert of Berghesunknown1557
 
15631564
 87th Prince-bishop of Liège (1557–1563). He was forced to resign the see on 30 March 1563, due...
Petrus Follingiusunknown1558
 
15631565
 a Finnish Lutheran bishop. He was the Bishop of Turku for the Lutheran Finish Church from 1558 to...
Pope Pius IV1499, Mar 311546
 
15651565, Dec 9
 the Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 25 December 1559 to his death in 1565. He is known fo...
Joasaph IIunknown1556
 
1565unknown
 Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1555-1565)*Church of Constantinople
Suleiman I1494, Nov 61520
 
15661566, Sep 7
  the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan and Caliph (Sunni Islam) of the Ottoman Empire/Caliphate, ...
Joachim I Pany1448 ca1480
 
15671567
 served as Patriarch for the Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria between 1486 and 1567. A virtuou...
Pedro de la Gasca1485, Jun1542
 
15671567, Nov 13
 a Spanish bishop, diplomat and the second (acting) viceroy of Peru, from April 10, 1547 to Januar...
Sunan Gunungjati14481479
 
15681568, Sep 19
  one of the Wali Songo, or nine saints of Islam revered in Indonesia. He founded the Sultanate of...
Arthur ap Huwunknown1555
 
1570unknown
 a clergyman, patron of Welsh poets, and a translator of religious literature into Welsh. He was a...
Pope Pius V1504, Jan 171528
 
15721572, May 1
  the Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 8 January 1566 to his death in 1572. He is venerated...
John Knox1513 ca1546
 
15721572, Nov 24
 a Scottish clergyman, theologian, and writer who was a leader of the Protestant Reformation and i...
Donald Monrounknown1526
 
1574unknown
 a Scottish clergyman, who wrote an early and historically valuable description of the Hebrides an...
Metrophanes III15201546
 
15801580, Aug 9
 the Ecumenical Patriarch for the Church of Constantinople two times, from 1565 to 1572 and from 1...
Pope Urban VII1521, Aug 41553
 
15901590, Sep 27
 Pope (Roman Catholic Church) from 15 to 27 September 1590. His twelve-day papacy was the shortest...
Pope Innocent IX1519, Jul 201544
 
15911591, Dec 30
  Pope for the Roman Catholic Church from 29 October to 30 December 1591. Prior to his short papac...
King Philip II1527, May 211540
 
15981598, Sep 13
  King of Spain (1556–98), King of Portugal (1581–98, as Philip I, Filipe I), King of Naples a...
Nicolas de Thou15281547
 
15981598, Nov 5
 an eminent French cleric, Bishop of Chartres, and in politics a figure instrumental in the corona...
Queen Elizabeth I1533, Sep 71558
 
16031603, Mar 24
 Queen of England and Ireland (and Supreme Governor of the Church of England ) from 17 November 15...
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